I was today reasonably privileged to attend a physics lecture at work by Marin Soljačić. His work is in Non-Radiative Wireless Power Transfer, which basically means powering something from a distance without wires and without killing everything in between. In practical terms, that means this.
The lecture was pretty interesting, though of course it bobbled over my head occasionally. The gist of it seemed to be that if an energy supplier and an energy receiver resonated at the exact same frequency electromagnetically, power could be sent from the former to the latter over a distance of a couple meters. The lightbulb in the above photo is being lit with 60ish% power efficiency with copper wiring, though apparently numerous other rarer materials work even better (types undisclosed for patenting reasons).
He was not optimistic about sending it much farther than that (apparently the size of the supplier has to increase near-exponentially past a point) but provided several useful examples of companies/governments that have displayed interest, and all said he will probably be a shazillionaire shortly. Examples include powering bioelectrical implants like pacemakers and electric hearts without needing invasive surgery when their batteries periodically run out, not plugging in things to recharge them, not buying 60 billion batteries a year worldwide, recharging underground sensors, etc.
He suggested this would hit the market optimistically in 2 years. He would not indicate what would first hit the market, citing that he was not allowed to per business agreement, but said Toyota, Honda, GM, etc. were interested in creating mats one would place in one’s garage, so that parking your electric or hybrid car over it would recharge the battery.